Confounding in epidemiological studies.
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Bias and confounding in molecular epidemiological studies: special considerations.
Studies in the field of ‘molecular epidemiology’ are becoming common in the literature. This use of molecular-biological laboratory techniques in epidemiological research has some consequences that deserve specific attention, including the potential for some particular forms of bias. Most of the bias in epidemiological research, at large, occurs because of imperfect sampling or classification p...
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One of the identifiability assumptions of causal effects defined by marginal structural model (MSM) parameters is the experimental treatment assignment (ETA) assumption. Practical violations of this assumption frequently occur in data analysis when certain exposures are rarely observed within some strata of the population. The inverse probability of treatment weighted (IPTW) estimator is partic...
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Non-identifiability of parameters is a well-recognized problem in classical statistics, and Bayesian statisticians have long recognized the importance of exchangeability assumptions in making statistical inferences. A seemingly unrelated problem in epidemiology is that of confounding: bias in estimation of the effects of an exposure on disease risk, due to inherent differences in risk between e...
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Background: Confounding can be thought of as mixing the effect of exposure on the risk of disease with a third factor which distorts the measure of association such as risk ratio or odds ratio. This bias arises because of complex functional relationship of confounder with both exposure and disease (outcome). In this article, we provided a conceptual framework review of confounding issues in epi...
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To the Editor:—I read the study by Fellahi JL et al. titled “Perioperative use of dobutamine in cardiac surgery and adverse cardiac outcome” with great interest. This study showed that the use of dobutamine was associated with adverse outcomes in adult cardiac surgery, and the authors concluded that these results suggest that dobutamine should only be administered when the benefit is judged to ...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: BMJ
سال: 1992
ISSN: 0959-8138,1468-5833
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.305.6863.1225-c